JLPT N4JLPT N4 Grammar

JLPT N4 Grammar lesson 3JLPT N4 Grammar lesson 3

JLPT N4 Grammar lesson 3. Hi everyone! In this article, LearnJapanesedaily will introduce to you the JLPT N4 Grammar. Each lesson will consist of about 5 structures for you to learn step by step and have more time to practise.

Grammar structure number 11 :

~ことにする

Formation :

Vることにする

Explanation :

giving out decision about an event in the future, only used in 1st person.

Example and meaning :

1.これからタバコをやめることにする。
From now on, I’ll quit smoking.

2.英語(えいご)を勉強(べんきょう)することにします。
I decided to study English.

Grammar structure number 12 :

~ことになっている

Formation :

Vる/Vない+ことになっている
Aい+ことになっている
N+ことになっている

Explanation :

expresses a plan or a rule/regulation.

Example and meaning :

1.来月(らいげつ)アメリカへ出張(しゅっちょう)することになっている。
Next month, I have to go on a business trip to America.

2.この寮(りょう)には外部(がいぶ)のひとをとめないことになっている。
This dorm prohibits outsiders.

Grammar structure number 13 :

~しか~ない

Formation :

N+しか~ない

Explanation :

only

used after nouns, objects and is always in negative form.
can be used to replaceが、を and is put after other particle.

Example and meaning :

1.教室(きょうしつ)には学生(がくせい)が一人(ひとり)しかありません。
There’s only 1 student in the room.

2. ペンが二(ふた)つしかない。
I only have 2 pens.

Grammar structure number 14 :

~すぎる~

Formation :

Vます(remove ます)+すぎる
Aい( removeい)+すぎる
Aな (removeな) +すぎる

Explanation :

so, too, too much

in a more negative meaning.

Example and meaning :

1.昨日(きのう)は飲(の)みすぎて、いま頭(あたま)が痛(いた)い。
Yesterday, I drank too much so I’ve having an headache now.

2.そのシャツ高(たか)すぎて買(か)えません。
This shirt is too expensive I can’t buy.

Grammar structure number 15 :

~ずに~

Formation :

Vずに

Explanation :

not doing anything, often in a regretful way, used mostly in written form.

Example and meaning :

1.寝(ね)ずに起(お)きなさいよ
Don’t try to sleep but get up.

2.朝(あさ)ごはんを食(た)べずに学校(がっこう)へ行った。
I didn’t eat breakfast but went straight to school.

Above are the JLPT N4 Grammar lesson 3. Remember to read carefully and make up your own examples to memorize better.

If there is anything that you find it hard to understand, feel free to comment below!

Check out other JLPT N4 Grammar lessons in section: JLPT N4 Grammar

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