Compare 込む komu and 上げる ageru

Hello everyone! Suppose there is a situation like this: You have finished cooking, which expression will you choose to express that idea,（料理を作り）込む or 上げる? To help you understand the usage of 込む and 上げる better, in this post, Learn Japanese Daily will introduce to you the lesson: Compare 込む komu and 上げる ageru.

Similarities

Both grammar structures mean “completing an action”.

Both structures are used with Ｖます（remove ます）.

Differences

込む komu

込む means “do something many times in a row (repeated action)”.

In addition, 込む also means “completing an action / continuing a state”.

Example :

あの人は文章を書き込んで、空が暗くなると気を付けなかった。
That person wrote the article and didn’t notice that the sky got dark.

あの子は考え込んでいる問題の答えが分かったが、教えなかった。
That child has found the answer to the problem he/she was thinking about, but he/she didn’t tell it.

子供を何度もその昔話を語り込んで、つまらなくさせた。
I have told the children that old tale many times and this made them bored.

上げる ageru

上げる means “Being forced to complete an action”

In case of using the form「Ｖあがる」, it means “the action has been completed”

Example :

それは先輩たちがまとめ上げたレポートだよ。参考してもいいよ。
That is a report that has been compiled by seniors. You can refer to it.

Ａ「作り上げた書類、どこに置いているの？」
Ｂ「テーブルの上だよ。」
A: “Where are the documents that have been finished?”
B: “They are on the table.”

ご飯を炊き上げました。
I have cooked rice.

Exercise for consolidating knowledge :

Choose the correct answer :

太郎くんは昨日徹夜なので、現在午後なのに寝（込んでいる・上げている）。

太郎くんは昨日徹夜なので、現在午後なのに寝込んでいる。: Taro stayed up all night yesterday, so he is still sleeping now even though it’s afternoon (The action is continued) [/spoiler]

今晩のパーティーのケーキを作り（込みました・上げました）。

今晩のパーティーのケーキを作り上げました。: I have made a cake for tonight’s party (The action has been completed) [/spoiler]

姉は明日デートなので服を試し（込んでいる・上げている）。

姉は明日デートなので服を試し込んでいる。: My sister will go on a date tomorrow, so she has tried on clothes many times (Repeated action) [/spoiler]

子供がばらばらに混乱した部屋を片付き（込みました・上げました）。

子供がばらばらに混乱した部屋を片付き上げました。: I have cleaned the room messed up by the children (The action has been completed). [/spoiler]

息子は毎晩寝る前に、何度も歯を磨き（込んでいます・上げています）。

息子は毎晩寝る前に、何度も歯を磨き込んでいます。: My son brushes his teeth many times before going to bed every night (Repeated action) [/spoiler]

防犯政策を練り（込みました・上げました）。

防犯政策を練り上げました。: I have developed a crime prevention policy (The action has been completed). [/spoiler]

In this post, Learn Japanese Daily has helped you compare 込む komu and 上げる ageru.

See other similar lessons at category: Japanese grammar dictionary

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